Given that the PVS is completely directed for the veins, damage to non-venous tender tissues is avoided. Tissues like nerve, artery and lymphatic vessels are spared. Given that June 1988 We have now utilised the PVS procedure as outpatient surgical treatment under area anaesthesia. Neither electrosurgery nor a suction apparatus https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-venous-leak-treatment-in-singapore/