Prior to the deposition with the Er:Al2O3 active substance, the coupling circuit, i.e., the strip waveguides, the mode transition tapers as well as mode converters ended up lined which has a 800 nm thick layer of hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ, n ~one.forty five) to stop their coating with the Energetic product, https://vona107frb0.wikidank.com/user